smith



(No Model.) V 2 sheets Sheet l.

C. M. SMITH.

GAR HEATER. No. 366,517. Patented July 12, 1887.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

0. M. SMITHQ OAR HEATER.

No. 366,517. Patented July 12, 1887.

UNITED STATES CHARLES M. SMITH,

PATENT OFFICE.

OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO LE\VIS J. BIRD, TRUSTEE, OF SAME PLACE.

CAR-HEATER.

SPE CIPIEATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 366,517, dated July 12, 1887.

Application filed September 10, 1886.

T0 aZZ whom it mciy concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES M. SMITH, of Boston, county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Heating Cars, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

Application,Serial No. 180,9l9, filed October 26, 1885, shows and describes a railwaycar having its body composed of metal plates riveted together, the floor of the-car being supported upon keelsons above the lower part of the carbody to form a space below the said floor for the circulation of air into the car.

This present invention has for its object to provide cars of the class referred to. with heat ing apparatus, as will be described, whereby the air passing into the interior of the car may be heated before entering therein through suitable registers in the floor of the car.

In accordance with my invention, there is provided below the car-body one or more air compartments provided each with one or more air inlet and outlet pipes, the said airpipcs being connected, as will be described, so as to permit of a continuous circulation of heated air through them, the air in the said compartments being heated by a furnace, (preferably one for each ai r-compartment,) the said furnace being surrounded by the said aircompartment.

My invention consists in the construction of car-heating apparatus, hereinafter particularly set forth and claimed.

Figure 1 in side elevation shows a passengercar of the class referred to provided with my improved heating apparatus, one side and the central part of the car being broken away in the line 00 x of Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a view in elevation and section of Fig. 1 looking toward the left, the section being on line mw; Fig. 3, a partial plan view of the heating apparatus detached, some of the pipes being broken out; Fig. 4, a front elevation of one of the furnaces removed; Fig. 5, a partial section and side elevation of Fig. 4, the section being on line 00 m Fig. 6, a section of Fig. 5 on line e 00; and Fig. 7, a plan and sectional view of Fig.

Serial Nov 313,237. (No model.)

5, with part ofthe top broken off, the section being on line 00 m of Fig. 5.

The car body A, composed of numerous sheets or plates of metal riveted together and provided with a monitor top, B and having its floor supported on keelsons 0 0, (see Fig. 2,) forming the bottom of thecarbody,is'substantially such as shown in the application above referred to. As herein shown, the car-- body A has suspended from it by straps a two shells or eases,rt (See Fig. 1.) Each shell or case contains within it a tube or shell, 11, having air-pipes b I) connected to it, the said tube'or shell (rinclosing within it a preferably cylindrical furnace, it, having an outlet-pipe, b extended up through the tube orshell a, the said shell (6'' thus forming an, airjacket or compartment, B, around each furnace a. The outlet-pipe b for each furnace is preferably located near the longitudinal center thereof, (see Figs. 3 and 5,) and the said furnace is divided centrally, as shown in Fig. 5, by a division plate, b", secured, as herein shown, to t-helower part thereof, the said plate being extended upward to near the top of the said furnace.

To the top of the furnace to" and at opposite sides of the pipe I) are secured plates 0 c, the said plates being projected downward into the furnace a", and being extended beyond the top of the plate I), as clearly shown in Fig. 5.

At each end of the furnace a is a fire-chamher, (7, provided with a fire-grate, d,supported above the bottom of the said furnace to form an aslrpit, (l accessible by a door, (1, the firechamber (I having the usual door,d". Each shell or case a a is herein shown as divided longitudinally by a plate, (6 (see Fi 6,) to form a coal or other fuel -bunker, 0, each bunker having a door, 6*, as shown in Fig. 4.

The pipe 11 affords an outlet for the pro ducts of combustion coming from both chambers d, the said products of combustion passing from each end of the furnace a" toward the center thereof, and passing therefrom, as indicated by arrows 20, Fig. 5. each furnace a. is carried below the car-floor toward one end thereof, (see Fig. 1,) where it is joined to branch pipes 0', (see Fig. 2,)

The pipe]; of 5 passed up toward the roof of the car at the side of the usual door in the end of the car, the said branch pipes being joined above the said door to a single pipe, provided with a suitable damper, e.

The pipes b b at their opposite ends pass through the shells or cases a a and enter the shells a they thus being placed in communication with the air-compartment B, the pipe b being connected to the lower side of the compartment'B, (see Fig. 6 and left of Fig. 1,) inclosed within the case a, and to the upper side of the like compartment B in the case or shell (L as at right of Fig. 1. The pipe I) is inversely connected, as will be seenfrom the drawings, so that when the said pipes and the cases a a and parts contained therein are placed in position beneath the car air is inclosed within each jacket or compartment B and the pipes b b.

Whenit is desired to warm or moderately heat the air which enters the car, a fire is started in one or both chambers d of each furnace a", the fire in each furnace heating the air in its surroundingjacket or compartment B. As the air in each compartment .13 is heated, it rises and finds an outlet through the pipe I) or 'b,attaehed to its upper part. The heated air in the compartment B contained in the case a is conducted from the said compartment by the pipe b,-carried beneath the car-floor, while the heated air in the compartment or jacket contained in the case a is conducted therefrom by the pipe I), the said heated air imparting some of its heat to the'cooler atmospheric air circulating around the said pipes below the car-floor, so that the said atmospheric air is of a considerably higher temperature when it enters the car. The air passing through the pipe b enters the air-compartment B contained in the case a near the bottom of said compartment, the said air on its passage from one air-compartment to the other being deprived of the greater part of its heat.

By the arrangement of pipes, as described,

- a continued circulation of heated air is main- -tained below the car-floor between the aircompartments as long as heat is maintained in either furnace.

As shown in Fig. 1,the pipes b of each furnace serve to heat the air toward the ends of the ear.

I have herein shown (see Fig. 5) the furnaces a" as provided with two fire-chambers, and in practice either one or both firechambers may be used.

It may be desirable to dispense with one of the furnaces and employ but a single furnace enveloped by an air-compartment, the said air compartment being connected, as described, with an aircompartment separate from a furnace and constituting an air-reservoir; or the said reservoir may be dispensed with, and the pipes leading from the air-com partment bejoined at their remote ends, the

heat from the said furnace causing circulation of heated air through the said pipes.

I do not broadly claim apparatus for heating cars comprising a false bottom for the car forming a heating-chamber opening into the interior of the car and combined with a furnace or stove or other heating agent connected with this false bottom; nor do I broadly claim a furnace having two fire-chambers and a smoke flue common to both; nor do I broadly claim a furnace having a surrounding airspace or chamber; and, finally, I do not claim ear-heating apparatus provided with a chamber containing a heating apparatus at one end anda coal-bunker at the other.

I claim- 1. A railwaycar having its floor raised above and supported from the bottom of the car-body and opening into the car, thefurnace 0,, carried by and beneath the car,and provided with a'firechamber at each end thereof, the air-compartment B,surrounding each furnace, combinedwith the pipes b b, and with the furnace-pipe bfilocated near the longitudinal center of the furnace and extending to the end of the car and thence opening above the car, substantially as described.

2. A railway car having its floor raised above and supported from the bottom of the car-body, the furnace to, carried by and be neath the car, and provided with a fire-chamber, d, at each end thereof, the case a, surrounding the furnace and forming the airspace B, the inclosing-case a, the pipes b I), and furnace-pipe b combined with the plate a, extended longitudinally through the case a to form a fuel-bunker, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name Y to this specification in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

CHARLES M. SMITH.

\Vitnesses:

G. W. GancoaY, JAS. I'I. CHURCHILL. 

